Wednesday, January 29, 2014

Atomic Age Wish Fulfillment


All you need to predict the future is nationwide broadcast television and the harnessing of the atom.


When you meet a person, and you will, who would have you believe that they are in possession of perceptive powers greater than a normal human's and can divine future events on the basis of those powers, your response should be conditional. If they are outside a meeting place or some other public square and selling pencils from a little cup, you should buy a couple pencils and use them in good health. If they are, however, presenting themselves in any way as a rational person and therefore have no problem insulting you to your face, you should treat them with all the same courtesy you would any overgrown pest. Future predictions of the sort sold by Miss Cleo or your neighborhood tarot reader are snake oil of the oldest kind. Future predictions based on the generalized whole of popular sentiment, however, have borne out a much greater measure of accuracy and foresight than Nostradamus, whichever religious prophet you choose, and the rest of history's frauds and charlatans put together.

The world we live in now was imagined and laid out very clearly and with eerie prescience immediately following the end of World War II. The atomic weaponry developed to win the conflict was a result of the Manhattan Project, a program that was actually concerted effort from reactors in Oak Ridge and Hanford, a design and production lab in Los Alamos, and US Army administrative offices in Manhattan. An observer of the bomb's development and witness to the Trinity test and the bombing of Nagasaki was William Lawrence, the official correspondent to the project from the New York Times. It was in Lawrence's dispatches immediately following the Trinity test in Alamogordo that we were introduced to the phrase “atomic age,” as Lawrence was no doubt experiencing the same dumbstruck amazement at the sheer power we had harnessed to make things disappear made razor sharp and electrifying due to having been one of 260 people to be the first in history to see such a thing. The device they detonated was still called “the gadget,” in a rather naïve attempt to divert attention from a bomb program by giving it an impossibly on-the-nose codename, even though any codename would have been too diminutive to properly address the scope of either our actions or the array of avenues that lay before us.

 
Obviously, we knew giant atoms weren't safe to hold. We just didn't know not to drink radium.
 

America of the 1950's seized on the idea that atomic power was key the way I seize onto my fourth scotch of any given evening: with fervent zeal. Having an atomic bomb meant no rival nation's puny munitions could touch us, harnessing the energy meant virtually free power nationwide and cars that would never see a gas pump. The reality was very different, with the cost of establishing nuclear plants far exceeding any coal plant, increased knowledge of the possible nightmare involved with accident scenarios, and the looming threat of Soviet nuclear power leading us to have a turtle tell our schoolchildren a desk would keep them safe from an atomic blast. No amount of reality, however, has been shown to dissuade the American public from forming their own opinions about things, and what we created was a vision of the future that largely played out as planned if one allows for a handful of glaring omissions and errors. We shall begin with what I feel are the two shining examples of our atomic age predictions, the two I will demonstrate are perfect representations of our collective ability to conceive of wildly imaginative ideas that seemed impossibly far off but which had their roots in real science that was rapidly advancing.

 

The first and strongest case is made by Disneyland's Monsanto House of the Future installation. It stood for a decade, beginning in 1957, and although it has never been recreated in its original form, every single component of the house is literally everywhere around us today. Synthetic plastic substances are so ubiquitous as to go completely unnoticed, microwave ovens are on the verge of being outdated, virtually any possible enclosure you can find yourself in has climate control, and some preservational modifications made to building materials are actually so cheap they have become the default. “Imagine,” the Monsanto narrator asks of us regarding a raised telephone panel in the master bathroom, “push-buttons instead of dials, and no handset to disturb milady's dressing!” We are too far removed now to be able to imagine the shock and wonder that seeing an electric light bulb glow for the very first time must have created, but surely even the most jaded among us can easily imagine the thrill of watching a cup of water slowly revolve under a light bulb until it began to boil, or a video feed of who just rang your doorbell, or a seemingly-solid kitchen countertop unfold to reveal a dishwasher and other electronic treasures. I can only guess that the modern creation to compare it with would be a three-dimensional printer, but the ease and nonchalance with which we have assimilated what may be a tool to end all tools makes it seem that our advances in technology and science have come so hard and so fast in the last century that we can scarcely conjure amazement when it is deserved. In fact, the pace of turning fantastic hallucinations into common reality went so quickly (one hesitates to say “well”) that in only three years Monsanto had to completely refurbish the interior of the House of Tomorrow, as the only appliance still out-of-reach was the wall-sized flat screen television we've all since purchased to keep our pets company.

 
"It doesn't matter where I hid my husband's head, because Monsanto plastic is so easy to clean!"
 

While our living conditions were being plasticized and molded into sexy curves (simultaneously distancing materials from nature while mimicking natural forms), the web of highways and freeways that had sprung up during the war offered travel with incredible ease and a culture that romanticized everything about the open road. Enter the Ford Nucleon, sole proprietor of the ugly kind of sexy. This impossible-to-forget machine was powered by a baby-size nuclear fixed in the rear of the vehicle, which predated and out-crazied the Pinto by thirteen years and the less memorable Ford Seattle-ite by four, and was meant to be the vanguard of a space age coast-to-coast freeway network complete with atomic recharging stations and satellite-controlled automatic driving.
 
 
I still really want one of these.
 
Our confidence in quickly finding a way to shield the driver and passengers from the radiation exposure we couldn't possible ignore as a consequence was misplaced, sadly, and cars like the Nucleon never got further than scale models. This didn't stop people from imagining the wildest things they could in their excitement to explore the possibilities: telescoping wheel mounts so cars could drive over each other and thereby double capacity on the roads, one-touch automatic driving so your driver's chair could rotate inward and provide easy access to the television and coffee maker, teleconferencing monitors so the boss could easily reach you, and (most unlikely of all at the time) a network of satellites providing road information, monitoring location, and connecting everything together in a consistently reliable and accurate system.

 
Imagine, if you can, a global connection network. It kind of looks like the world if you forgot it in the attic.
 

Finally, we turn our eye to the last example which concerns us of future prediction by committee: the best ripoff of a ripoff of all time, The Jetsons. Premiering in 1962, the transplantation of Fred Flintstone into twenty-first century America was as prescient, in many ways, as our previous examples of futurism. Because of the show's longevity, however, the somewhat scattershot approach to future technology required created the opportunity for many more misses than hits.

 
Only the car cannot be purchased.
 

Foremost on everyone's mind when discussing The Jetsons and unrequited technological yearning is the flying car. Forgetting for a moment the vehicle in question's ability to collapse into a briefcase-sized package and be light enough for such an Ichabod Crane-esque physique as George Jetson's to carry it easily, such a conveyance doesn't seem like it's out of our reach. We have hovercrafts, and small-scale quad-rotor machines that have amazing maneuverability and stability, along with mind-boggling computer processing power and materials that are both incredibly light and unbelievably strong. But, as anyone who as accepted a dinner invitation from me is well aware, having the components of something and forcing them into close proximity does not create a meal. The physics involved in making something as heavy as a car “fail to fall” is currently beyond our comprehension, and employing small-scale quantum fixation would seem to necessitate both a convoluted Lynchian nightmare of human-sized snap-together race car track and our willingness to forget altogether the feeling of warmth. And, frankly, none of the limitations we're working through mean anything when compared to a fundamental and obvious truth about us as a species: we are fucking stupid and dangerous, and not to be trusted. As of this writing, automobiles have been available to the general public for (if you set your flag at the widely-purchased Model T) eighty-seven years, and we are still unable to accurately process the four cardinal directions that driving requires of us. The idea that we somehow “deserve” to add two more directions (which, with the addition of gravitational resistance, makes them the two most complicated directions) is childish and dismissible.

 
I could watch this thing run all day.
 

One of the most memorable features of the Jetson home was the design of their apartment block, resembling a football stadium perched on a flagpole. Their vehicle storage system (which was evidently unaware that the cars could go into briefcase mode at all) bears a striking resemblance to the modern car “vend-o-mats” built by VW to store and retrieve cars vertically by way of an automated platform. Most interesting to me, however, was the purpose of putting the entire apartment building on the end of a long pole. I originally thought it was a solution to real estate problems: having run out of places on the ground to build, we naturally moved a hundred feet up and started over. It wasn't until the soul-destroying Jetsons film of 1990 that the purpose was explained as a health and safety feature. The air of 2062 was so horribly polluted that when weather forecasts predicted little to no wind movement, the apartments blocks were elevated to rise above the gathering smog. It seemed a bit extreme the first time I heard it, but now you can look at any picture of China's air and recognize the need for such living conditions.

 
Beijing or Future Town? Only my respiratory therapist knows for sure.
 

Not everything predicted by The Jetsons was as hard to achieve, however. Video conversations were featured prominently, as were stationary exercise machines that monitored vital signs. The family's push-button food dispenser was using essentially a dehydrated protein powder, which can currently be purchased by the bottle or bucket. No one is, as yet, willing to install a treadmill on the exterior of their home for their use of their dog, in spite of how hilarious and feasible it would undoubtedly be. We have robots which vacuum our homes, and an enterprising group of people in the Netherlands is currently preparing for a one-way trip to Mars with the intent of establishing a colony.

These arguments, I hope, have shown that our dissatisfaction with the modern age is misplaced and undermining, and that We are, in fact, living in exactly the future we wanted and predicted, most likely due to the influence popular culture had on thousands of children who would grow up to be the scientists that made our lives possible. I further suggest that our current view of the future is one of post-war desolation and complete civilizational collapse, shown in films like The Terminator and Mad Max. It's not as if we didn't anticipate horrific nuclear consequences when we looked forward in the fifties, but it was counterbalanced by an optimism unmatched since, and most notably absent from our current idea of what lies in store. This seems to me important to note, as I argue that our cultural desires and predictions prove virtually inevitable and thus the idea we are writing our own future is not as trite and simplistic as it would seem.

Sunday, January 5, 2014

Book Review: Singh Slips Simpsons Secrets Subjectively


 
Bloomsbury USA, 235pp, ISBN 978-1-62040-277-1


If your sphere of experience overlaps at all with mine, then in 1990 you had run through the entirety of Monty Python's catalog and were in need of something freshly bizarre to aid in informing your young comedic sensibilities. The Simpsons filled that spot for me and the hooligans I ran with, all of us noticing as we got older that the episodes had line deliveries followed by a silent pause which our comedic timing told us shouldn't be there. If we weren't laughing, there couldn't have been a joke and therefore shouldn't be a moment for people to laugh at that joke.

The understanding of hidden humor, coupled with the information that visual jokes had been virtually hidden by nature of being onscreen for only a second, caused me to learn to pause the VCR with a proficiency I haven't been able to develop in anything else since and seek out the references I couldn't recognize. This resulted in uncounted jokes with varying degrees of required maturity on billboards and buses, signs posted inside the nuclear plant or Moe's Bar, shot-for-shot recreations of scenes from films I had never heard of, a deeper understanding of Buddhist philosophy as it relates to miniature golf tournaments, and why proper punctuation is vital in all activities.

While we're here, Phil Hartman was the greatest
 
To this day my favorite is still the sixth Treehouse of Horror episode story “Homer Cubed,” which contains both Professor Frink's go-anywhere blackboard explanation of Homer's “Frinkahedron” projection into the third dimension and a number of concise but fascinating mathematical ideas that peacefully floated (or, if you prefer, peacefully failed to fall) around the three-dimensional space Homer found himself in. One of these jewels of human achievement went on to become my favorite equation of all time for what it represented to me philosophically. Called Euler's Identity and written e^(i)(pi) + 1 = 0 or sometimes e^(i)(pi) = -1, this equation contains what my statistics professor called the only five numbers that matter: e (natural log base), i (the imaginary square root of -1), pi (circumference over diameter for a circle, the same for a dime or the earth), 1 (the loneliest number that you'll ever do), and 0 (concretely understood first in India, although “zero” comes from the Arabic word for something empty). I encourage you to seek out more information on this identity, as it really is quite remarkable, but if you aren't the kind of person who doggedly hangs on to new ideas until you at least feel you're no longer completely uneducated on the subject there is literally nothing I can write that will compel you to go learn about an equation you've already forgotten. This schism in interests brings me to Simon Singh's recent book, called The Simpsons and their Mathematical Secrets.

Knowledge makes you strong, kids
 
Singh's work is meant to be an encompassing insight on the math tidbits that the writers of the show snuck into episodes of both The Simpsons and Futurama to entertain either themselves or the fraction of people who would both want to replay a recorded cartoon and be able to get the joke, and I certainly can't think of anything he's omitted. The book also seeks to provide as much background as possible for understanding the gags, being mindful of the dangers inherent in short-term math overdose, and in this I think it succeeds as well. The book fails, however, in two tangentially related ways that I shall explain.

I related my personal introduction to the freeze frame gags to highlight that only a certain slice of people have that kind of reaction to hidden humor, and I think it's safe to argue that, like I did, once the tap gets turned on you never think to turn it off. It's not just the gag you saw last night, it's the understanding that other jokes in other episodes that you didn't even realize you were missing are waiting to be discovered, and some kid down the block has those on tape and you can go find them yourself. It is a self-perpetuating hunger, and one which is easily fed once the internet connected all of us in our search, allowing for the compilation of a master list I still have in a drawer somewhere, long since outdated, weathered dot-matrix printer guide strips still tenuously connected by stubborn twentieth century willpower. We knew all the jokes, even the ones we didn't yet understand, because to begin the search meant taking it as far as we could. As a result, Singh's book has the initial appeal of being precisely focused at my sensibilities, but there came a remarkable letdown once I realized I was having a part of my youth recycled and retold to me with all the emphasis on math and none on the Starlight Vocal Band. It was meant to excite me and convince me to part with money, but each chapter was another step into remembering the first time I heard the story on the episode's commentary track. Further, if you're already a lover of higher level math presumably none of the principles Singh talks about will be anything new, but if you don't understand them his explanations will not easily educate you. This book isn't targeted at a nationwide audience, it's targeted at the Venn overlap of Simpsons devotees and lovers of mathematics, and in my case it failed on both fronts.

Never forget.
 
My second criticism is the author's personal voice. I am unfair in this regard perhaps, because this isn't a textbook, but Singh provided several examples of the high regard mathematicians in general hold themselves over other disciplines, which I find childish and distasteful from any professional. Also briefly included were some of the author's thoughts on homeopathy and alternative medicines, which were not only unwelcome but well outside the author's scope and the book's purpose. I say again that this second criticism may be discarded without a second thought, because Singh is well-educated and many people had very nice things to say about this book, but passing snide remarks on disciplines I hold quite dear and personal interjections of ill-founded ideas on medicine apropos of nothing were so disjointed and persistently distracting as to make this book interminable for me.